Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄)- 2.5Litres
Key Features:
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Chemical Formula: H₂SO₄.
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Concentration: Typically available in 98% concentrated form
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Appearance: A colorless, oily liquid that is highly viscous and absorbs water from the environment.
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Properties: It is an extremely strong acid with powerful dehydrating and oxidizing properties. It can dissolve many metals, and in concentrated form, it is highly exothermic (produces heat) when mixed with water.
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Odor: Generally odorless but may emit a faint smell of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) when exposed to air at high temperatures or when reacting with other substances.
Use in Laboratory:
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Dehydrating Agent: Used to remove water from substances, as it is highly hygroscopic (absorbs water).
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Acid-Base Reactions: Commonly used in titrations and as a reactant in various chemical syntheses.
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Oxidizing Agent: It can act as a strong oxidizer in reactions, especially in the preparation of sulfur compounds.
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Catalyst: In many reactions, such as the Contact Process for producing sulfuric acid, it can serve as a catalyst.
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Cleaning: Often used to clean surfaces and in the removal of metal oxides or other contaminants.
Industrial Use:
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Manufacturing Fertilizers: A key component in the production of phosphoric acid, which is used to make fertilizers.
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Petroleum Refining: Used in the alkylation process to produce high-octane fuels.
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Chemical Synthesis: In the manufacture of detergents, dyes, and explosives.
Safety:
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Highly corrosive, it can cause severe burns and eye damage. It should be handled with extreme care.
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Always use personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and acid-resistant clothing, and work in a well-ventilated area, such as a fume hood.
